这是一份exeter埃克塞特大学MTH3045作业代写的成功案

A variation on least squares scaling is the so-called Sammon mapping which minimizes
$$
\sum_{i \neq i^{\prime}} \frac{\left(d_{i i^{\prime}}-\left|z_{i}-z_{i^{\prime}}\right|\right)^{2}}{d_{i i^{\prime}}} .
$$
Here more emphasis is put on preserving smaller pairwise distances.
In classical scaling, we instead start with similarities $s_{i i^{r}}:$ often we use the centered inner product $s_{i i^{\prime}}=\left\langle x_{i}-\bar{x}, x_{i^{\prime}}-\bar{x}\right\rangle$. The problem then is to minimize
$$
\sum_{i, i^{\prime}}\left(s_{i i^{\prime}}-\left\langle z_{i}-\bar{z}, z_{i^{\prime}}-\bar{z}\right\rangle\right)^{2}
$$

MTH3045 COURSE NOTES :
We approximate each point by an affine mixture of the points in its neighborhood:
$$
\min {W{i k}}\left|x_{i}-\sum_{k \in \mathcal{N}(i)} w_{i k} x_{k}\right|^{2}
$$
over weights $w_{i k}$ satisfying $w_{i k}=0, k \notin \mathcal{N}(i), \sum_{k=1}^{N} w_{i k}=1 . w_{i k}$ is the contribution of point $k$ to the reconstruction of point $i$. Note that for a hope of a unique solution, we must have $K<p$.
Finally, we find points $y_{i}$ in a space of dimension $d<p$ to minimize
$$
\sum_{i=1}^{N}\left|y_{i}-\sum_{k=1}^{N} w_{i k} y_{k}\right|^{2}
$$
with $w_{i k}$ fixed.